Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites in cardiovascular diseases

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Cardiology
• Metabolomics

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases pose a significant global health and economic burden.
• Emerging research highlights the gut microbiota's role in metabolic and cardiovascular health.
• The gut microbiota functions as an endocrine organ influencing cardiovascular homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on the gut microbiota's role in cardiovascular disease development.
• To elucidate mechanisms of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in cardiovascular pathogenesis.
• To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota for cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current research on gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases.
• Analysis of mechanisms involving key microbial metabolites.
• Discussion of therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

• Gut microbiota composition is closely linked to cardiovascular disease occurrence and progression.
• Specific metabolites, including trimethylamine N-oxide, short-chain fatty acids, and phenylacetylglutamine, modulate cardiovascular disease pathways.
• Dysbiosis can directly impact cardiovascular health.

Conclusions:

• The gut microbiota is a critical factor in cardiovascular disease development.
• Targeting gut microbiota-derived metabolites presents promising therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular conditions.
• Modulating the gut microbiota holds potential for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.