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Significant Progress for Hot-Deformed Nd-Fe-B Magnets: A Review
Renjie Chen1,2,3, Xianshuang Xia1,2, Xu Tang1,2
1CISRI & NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
Hot-deformed (HD) Nd-Fe-B magnets offer potential for new energy vehicles but have lower coercivity than expected. This review explores grain boundary diffusion and dual alloy diffusion processes to enhance coercivity in these magnets.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Physics
- Engineering
Background:
- High-performance Nd-Fe-B magnets are essential for new energy vehicle traction motors.
- Anisotropic hot-deformed (HD) Nd-Fe-B magnets exhibit fine grain sizes (200-400 nm) but possess lower coercivity than predicted.
- This underperformance limits their full potential compared to the Nd2Fe14B phase anisotropy field.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the fundamentals and development of HD Nd-Fe-B magnets.
- To investigate and summarize advances in grain boundary diffusion process (GBDP) and dual alloy diffusion process (DADP).
- To discuss mechanisms of coercivity enhancement and analyze magnetization reversal behaviors.
Main Methods:
- Review of worldwide scientific research on HD Nd-Fe-B magnets.
- Investigation of recent progress in GBDP and DADP.
- Micromagnetic simulations to understand structure-property relationships.
- Magneto-optic Kerr effect microscopy to analyze magnetization reversal.
Main Results:
- HD magnets have fine grain sizes but suboptimal coercivity.
- GBDP and DADP are key strategies for coercivity enhancement.
- Micromagnetic simulations reveal mechanisms for improving coercivity.
- Magnetization reversal analysis identifies microstructural weak regions.
Conclusions:
- Further research into GBDP and DADP is crucial for unlocking the full potential of HD Nd-Fe-B magnets.
- Understanding structure-property relationships through simulations and microscopy is vital for targeted improvements.
- Optimizing HD Nd-Fe-B magnets will significantly benefit new energy vehicle technology.
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