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Host-Bacterium Interaction Mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis: A Systematic Review
Francesco Nappi1, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh2
1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 14, 2023
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of infective endocarditis. Understanding its molecular pathways and host interactions may lead to new treatments for this challenging infection.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Staphylococci species are primary pathogens in infective endocarditis (IE).
- Increasing healthcare burdens and aging populations exacerbate IE challenges.
- Protracted infection courses in IE demand novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate molecular pathways of Staphylococcus aureus in infective endocarditis.
- To explore therapeutic avenues for IE prevention and treatment.
- To understand S. aureus interactions with host defense mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials, observational studies, meta-analyses, and basic research.
- Searches conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases.
- Adherence to PRISMA reporting guidelines and OSF registration.
Main Results:
- Thirty-five studies were included in the systematic review.
- Highlighted the role of Staphylococcus aureus and its interaction with host defenses.
- Explored pathogen interactions with vascular endothelium and blood constituents, suggesting antiplatelet potential.
- Identified factors promoting S. aureus proliferation and virulence through innate immunity interaction.
Conclusions:
- Further understanding of S. aureus molecular pathways in IE is crucial for developing new therapies.
- Antibiotic-treated allogeneic tissues show promise for valvular infections.
- Effective Staphylococcus aureus vaccines require further research and development.
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