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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay
Published on: February 9, 2021
The Finally Rewarding Search for A Cytotoxic Isosteviol Derivative
Julia Heisig1, Niels V Heise1, Sophie Hoenke1
1Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes, Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Abstract:
Acid hydrolysis of stevioside resulted in a 63% yield of isosteviol (1), which served as a starting material for the preparation of numerous amides. These compounds were tested for cytotoxic activity, employing a panel of human tumor cell lines, and almost all amides were found to be non-cytotoxic. Only the combination of isosteviol, a (homo)-piperazinyl spacer and rhodamine B or rhodamine 101 unit proved to be particularly suitable. These spacered rhodamine conjugates exhibited cytotoxic activity in the sub-micromolar concentration range. In this regard, the homopiperazinyl-spacered derivatives were found to be better than those compounds with piperazinyl spacers, and rhodamine 101 conjugates were more cytotoxic than rhodamine B hybrids.
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