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Ion-Selective Electrodes with Solid Contact Based on Composite Materials: A Review.
Cecylia Wardak1, Karolina Pietrzak2, Klaudia Morawska1
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 14, 2023
Summary
New composite materials, combining carbon nanomaterials and polymers, enhance solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs). These advancements improve analytical performance and usability for potentiometric sensors.
Area of Science:
- Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Potentiometric sensors, particularly ion-selective electrodes (ISEs), are widely used electrochemical devices.
- Solid-contact ISEs (SC-ISEs), developed since the late 20th century, eliminate internal electrolyte solutions, offering simpler designs.
- Ongoing research focuses on novel solid contact materials to improve sensor performance and cost-effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in solid contact materials for ion-selective electrodes.
- To highlight the role of composite and hybrid materials in enhancing electrode properties.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art SC-ISE construction technologies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent research on solid contact materials for ISEs.
- Analysis of composite and hybrid materials, including carbon nanomaterials, polymers, metal nanoparticles, and ionic liquids.
- Summarization of analytical parameters and performance data for various SC-ISEs.
Main Results:
- Composite materials, especially those combining carbon nanomaterials and polymers, offer improved mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties.
- Enhanced capacitance and surface area of solid contact materials facilitate efficient charge transfer, leading to better sensor performance.
- Various composite materials have demonstrated superior analytical and operational parameters in SC-ISEs.
Conclusions:
- Functional composite materials are crucial for developing advanced SC-ISEs.
- The integration of nanomaterials and polymers represents a significant trend in potentiometric sensor technology.
- This review serves as a compendium of knowledge on novel materials and construction technologies for SC-ISEs.
