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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

837
In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
837
MOSFET Amplifiers01:17

MOSFET Amplifiers

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The MOSFET, when operating in its active region, functions as a voltage-controlled current source. In this region, the gate-to-source voltage controls the drain current. This principle underlies the operation of the transconductance MOSFET amplifier. The output current is directed through a load resistor to convert this amplifier into a voltage amplifier. The output voltage is then obtained by subtracting the voltage drop across the load resistance from the supply voltage. This process results...
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Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...
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Cut-off Frequency of BJT01:17

Cut-off Frequency of BJT

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Cut-off frequencies in Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) mark the transition between the signal's pass band and stop band, influencing their performance in amplifying or attenuating frequencies. These frequencies are crucial for designing BJTs to meet specific operational requirements in electronic circuits.
Alpha Cut-Off Frequency: Pertinent to the common-base configuration, the alpha cut-off frequency defines the upper-frequency limit at which the current gain, alpha, remains stable. As...
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Bus Impedance Matrix01:24

Bus Impedance Matrix

149
Calculating subtransient fault currents for three-phase faults in an N-bus power system involves using the positive-sequence network. When a three-phase short circuit occurs at a specific bus, the analysis uses the superposition method to evaluate two separate circuits.
In the first circuit, all machine voltage sources are short-circuited, leaving only the prefault voltage source at the fault location. The positive-sequence bus impedance matrix can be determined by solving the nodal equations,...
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Biasing of FET01:22

Biasing of FET

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Biasing a Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) is crucial for setting operational parameters and ensuring efficient functioning in electronic circuits. JFETs are characterized by using a single carrier type in N-channel or P-channel configurations, where the channel is surrounded by PN junctions. These junctions are central to the device's ability to control current flow.
In an N-channel JFET, the structure consists of N-type material forming the channel on a P-type substrate, with the...
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Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
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A Compact Broadband Common-Mode Suppression Filter That Integrates Series-Mushroom into Defected Corrugated Reference

Chung-Ke Yu1, Ding-Bing Lin2, Hsin-Piao Lin1

  • 1Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel filter structure for high-speed buses, significantly reducing common-mode noise. The new design ensures signal integrity and supports high data rates in servers and computers.

Keywords:
common-mode filterdifferential signalelectromagnetic interferenceseries-mushroomsignal integritywideband suppression

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Signal Integrity

Background:

  • High-speed digital interfaces like SATA Express, HDMI 2.0, USB 3.2, and PCI Express 5.0 are crucial for modern servers and computer systems.
  • Common-mode (CM) noise is a significant challenge impacting signal integrity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) in these high-speed buses.
  • Existing noise suppression techniques may not meet the stringent requirements for next-generation data rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a novel common-mode noise suppression filter scheme for high-speed buses.
  • To evaluate the filter's performance in both frequency and time domains.
  • To demonstrate the filter's effectiveness in reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and maintaining signal integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of a filter utilizing a novel series-mushroom-defected corrugated reference plane (SMDCRP) structure.
  • Full-wave electromagnetic simulation for performance prediction.
  • Experimental measurement and verification of the filter's characteristics.
  • Eye diagram analysis for time-domain signal transmission capability assessment.

Main Results:

  • The SMDCRP filter demonstrated insertion loss below -4.838 dB (DC to 32 GHz) in differential mode (DM), preserving signal integrity.
  • Achieved common-mode (CM) suppression exceeding -10 dB from 8.81 GHz to 32.65 GHz.
  • Fractional bandwidth increased to 115%, with CM noise amelioration of 55.2%.
  • Eye diagram verification confirmed complete differential signal transmission capability at 32 Gb/s.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed SMDCRP filter effectively suppresses common-mode noise in high-speed buses.
  • The filter meets the demanding quality requirements for controllers and sensors in server and computer systems.
  • This solution mitigates EMI problems, enhancing the reliability of high-speed data transmission.