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Neonatal risk factors associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an umbrella review

Ensiyeh Jenabi1, Erfan Ayubi2, Sajjad Farashi1,3

  • 1Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
|July 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal factors like congenital anomalies, incomplete breastfeeding, low birth weight, and low Apgar scores are linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Further research is needed to confirm these findings for ADHD development.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Pediatric medicine
  • Public health

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Understanding early risk factors is crucial for intervention and prevention strategies.
  • The increasing prevalence of ADHD necessitates a comprehensive review of its associated neonatal risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an umbrella systematic review of neonatal risk factors associated with ADHD.
  • To compile and synthesize evidence from existing meta-analyses on ADHD risk factors.
  • To identify significant neonatal predictors of ADHD manifestation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
  • Inclusion of only systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
  • Application of a random-effects model with 95% prediction intervals for risk factor analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant neonatal risk factors for ADHD: congenital heart disease, short or incomplete breastfeeding, low birth weight, and Apgar scores below 7 at 5 minutes.
  • Acknowledged low to moderate quality of included systematic reviews.
  • Noted suggestive to weak credibility levels for the evidence base.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital anomalies, suboptimal breastfeeding, low birth weight, and low Apgar scores are proposed as key factors in ADHD symptom development.
  • Highlighted the need for more high-quality studies to validate these findings.
  • Emphasized the potential for early identification and intervention based on identified neonatal risk factors.
Abstract

Keywords:
Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivityNeonatalRisk factorsUmbrella review

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