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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
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Origin of Osteoclasts: Osteoclast Precursor Cells.

Jefferson Tsai1, Kaichi Kaneko2, Andrew J Suh1

  • 1Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.

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|July 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Osteoclasts, crucial for bone remodeling, are derived from specific precursor cells. This review explores emerging evidence for osteoclast precursor cells (OCPs) and their identity.

Keywords:
Osteoclast precursor cellsOsteoclast pregenitorOsteoclasts

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Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology
  • Cellular Differentiation
  • Hematopoiesis

Background:

  • Osteoclasts are essential multinucleated cells for bone resorption and remodeling.
  • Their differentiation from myeloid cells is known, but the specific precursor population remains undefined.
  • Understanding osteoclast origins is vital for bone health and disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging evidence supporting the existence of osteoclast precursor cells (OCPs).
  • To discuss current insights into the identity and characteristics of OCPs.
  • To highlight the significance of OCPs in bone remodeling and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on osteoclast biology and development.
  • Analysis of in vivo and in vitro studies investigating osteoclast origins.
  • Synthesis of evidence for a distinct OCP population.

Main Results:

  • Growing evidence suggests a specific precursor cell population for osteoclasts.
  • In vivo studies provide insights into the developmental origin and lifespan of murine osteoclasts.
  • The precise identity and markers of OCPs are still under investigation.

Conclusions:

  • The existence of osteoclast precursor cells (OCPs) is increasingly supported by scientific evidence.
  • Further research is needed to clearly define OCP identity and their role in bone homeostasis.
  • Identifying OCPs could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for bone diseases.