Ochratoxicosis in Iowa swine

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Pathology
• Toxicology
• Animal Science

Background:

• Ochratoxicosis is a mycotoxicosis affecting livestock, primarily caused by the fungal toxin ochratoxin A.
• Swine are susceptible to ochratoxin A, which can be present in contaminated feed ingredients like corn.

Observation:

• Two swine herds in Iowa presented with clinical signs of increased urination and water consumption.
• Necropsy revealed pale tan kidneys in affected pigs, with histologic examination showing diffuse tubular nephrosis and interstitial fibrosis.

Findings:

• Ochratoxin A was identified in whole corn and complete feed samples from both affected herds using thin-layer chromatography.
• Experimental reproduction of ochratoxicosis was achieved using feed from one of the affected herds, confirming the causative link.

Implications:

• This study confirms ochratoxin A contamination in swine feed as a cause of ochratoxicosis in affected herds.
• Early diagnosis and identification of ochratoxin A in feed are crucial for managing and preventing further outbreaks in swine production.