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Characteristics of hospitalized elderly patients with CKD: a comparison between elderly and non-elderly CKD based on

Shuang Liang1, Yong Wang1, Wen-Ling Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China.

International Urology and Nephrology
|July 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face higher mortality and more comorbidities, primarily driven by diabetic nephropathy and hypertension. These factors significantly impact their health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Geriatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding the specific characteristics and outcomes of CKD in the elderly population is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a multicenter epidemiological survey of hospitalized patients with CKD.
  • To reveal the distinct characteristics of elderly CKD by comparing them with non-elderly CKD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of medical records from 18 military hospitals in China (2009-2011).
  • Inclusion of 380,461 hospitalized patients, with 25,826 diagnosed with CKD.
  • Comparative analysis of CKD characteristics between elderly and younger patient cohorts.

Main Results:

  • Elderly CKD patients were predominantly affected by diabetic nephropathy (24.1%), hypertension-related renal impairment (20.9%), and primary glomerular disease (11.1%).
  • 71.6% of elderly CKD patients had multiple comorbidities, increasing with age.
  • In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the elderly (3.3% vs. 1.0%), with age, CKD stage 5, comorbidities (acidosis, cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases, infection, neoplasm, dementia) identified as independent risk factors.
  • Elderly patients incurred higher hospitalization costs, with length of stay and costs escalating with comorbidity burden.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic nephropathy and hypertension-related kidney injury are leading causes of CKD in the elderly, differing from younger populations.
  • Elderly CKD patients exhibit a greater comorbidity burden, correlating with poorer in-hospital outcomes.
  • Age-related factors and comorbidities significantly influence mortality and healthcare utilization in elderly CKD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseComorbiditiesElderlyEtiologyIn-hospital outcomes

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