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Related Concept Videos

DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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PhageBox: An Open Source Digital Microfluidic Extension With Applications for Phage Discovery.

Dreycey Albin, Lukas Buecherl, Eitan Kochavi

    IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
    |July 14, 2023
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    Summary

    PhageBox is an open-source extension for digital microfluidics, integrating temperature and electromagnetic control for advanced lab automation. This accessible device enhances DNA analysis and viral testing, enabling new research possibilities.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biotechnology
    • Microfluidics
    • Laboratory Automation

    Background:

    • Digital microfluidics (DMF) shows promise for automating DNA analysis and viral testing.
    • Current DMF instruments are limited to droplet manipulation, restricting broader applications.
    • Integration of additional components like temperature control is needed to expand DMF capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop PhageBox, an accessible biochip extension for digital microfluidics.
    • To integrate temperature and electromagnetic control modules into the PhageBox system.
    • To enable advanced laboratory automation and expand the application domain of DMF devices.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed PhageBox with integrated temperature and electromagnetic control modules.
    • Implemented embedded software with a unique bio-protocol programming model and GUI.
    • Utilized off-the-shelf components for accessibility and an open-source hardware/software approach.

    Main Results:

    • PhageBox demonstrated precise temperature control (±0.2°C) and effective magnetic bead immobilization (15 mT).
    • Functional testing confirmed efficacy for biomedical applications.
    • Initial protocols showcased potential for PCR, restriction enzyme digestion, and DNA concentration in bacteriophage research.

    Conclusions:

    • PhageBox serves as an open-source hardware and software extension for digital microfluidics.
    • The integrated temperature and electromagnetic modules enhance DMF device functionality.
    • PhageBox shows significant potential for advancing bacteriophage research and other biomedical applications.