Oscillatory mechanics trajectory in very preterm infants: a cohort study

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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

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Camilla Rigotti1, Emanuela Zannin2, Giulia Dognini1

  • 1Tin-neonatologia, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Pediatric Research
|July 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory oscillometry tracks lung function in premature infants. These measurements can identify early signs of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and guide personalized respiratory care.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal respiratory physiology
  • Pediatric pulmonology
  • Medical engineering

Background:

  • Very preterm infants (≤32 weeks gestation) are at high risk for lung disease.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication in these infants.
  • Early identification of lung disease progression is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the trajectory of oscillatory mechanics from the first week of life to term equivalent in preterm infants.
  • To evaluate the association between oscillatory mechanics and lung disease severity in infants ≤32 weeks gestation.

Main Methods:

  • Observational, longitudinal study of 66 infants.
  • Forced oscillations applied via mechanical ventilator at varying positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels.
  • Measurements taken at multiple time points: 7, 14, 28 days, and 36, 40 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA).

Main Results:

  • Nineteen infants (29%) developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • Infants with BPD showed significantly lower respiratory system reactance and higher resistance from 7 days postnatal to 36 weeks PMA.
  • All oscillatory mechanics parameters strongly correlated with respiratory severity scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Serial oscillatory mechanics measurements can differentiate lung function trajectories in infants with and without evolving BPD.
  • Oscillatory mechanics correlate with the severity of lung disease.
  • Respiratory oscillometry may serve as an early marker for BPD, aiding personalized respiratory management.
Abstract

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