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Applying different morphometric intestinal mucosa methods and the correlation with broilers performance under Eimeria

Bruna Luiza Belote1, Igor Soares2, Adrien Wilhelm Dilger Sanches3

  • 1Department of Veterinary Science, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; ISI Institute, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.

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|July 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Intestinal villi measurements alone do not predict animal performance. The I See Inside (ISI) scoring, which assesses inflammation, correlates with feed conversion ratio (FCR), indicating its value in evaluating gut health and performance.

Keywords:
coccidiosisgut healthhistologyindexintestinal lesion

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Intestinal villi (VH, VW) and crypts (CD, CW) are traditionally measured to assess nutrient absorption surface area.
  • These morphometric measurements can overlook inflammatory changes and immature cell presence, which negatively impact gut functionality and animal performance.
  • Existing methods may not fully capture the complex relationship between intestinal structure, inflammation, and zootechnical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare traditional villi/crypt morphometry with the I See Inside (ISI) scoring methodology.
  • To explore the correlation between these assessment methods and zootechnical performance in broilers.
  • To determine if ISI scoring provides a more accurate reflection of intestinal health and its impact on performance than morphometry alone.

Main Methods:

  • Broiler chickens were divided into nonchallenged (NC) and Eimeria-challenged (CH) groups.
  • Jejunum samples were collected at 22 days for histological analysis, measuring villus height (VH), villus width (VW), crypt depth (CD), crypt width (CW), VH:CD ratio, and villi absorptive surface (VAS).
  • The same villi were scored using the ISI methodology, evaluating 8 parameters of the inflammatory process.

Main Results:

  • The challenged (CH) group exhibited higher ISI scores, increased VW, CD, and CW, and reduced VH, VH:CD ratio, and VAS compared to the nonchallenged (NC) group.
  • Villi/crypt morphometry did not correlate with zootechnical performance metrics.
  • The presence of Eimeria oocysts and higher ISI total scores were positively correlated with feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05), indicating worse performance.

Conclusions:

  • Increased villus size due to immune processes does not necessarily equate to improved intestinal functionality or animal performance.
  • The ISI scoring system, which assesses the type of intestinal alteration, shows a direct impact on zootechnical performance.
  • ISI scoring is a more effective tool than single-metric surface evaluation for assessing intestinal health and predicting animal performance in challenged broilers.