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Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
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Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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Drug shortages. Part 2: Trends, causes and solutions.

Jeffrey K Aronson1, Carl Heneghan1, Robin E Ferner2,3

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British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
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Summary

Drug shortages stem from complex factors impacting patient care. Addressing these requires collaborative solutions across the entire pharmaceutical supply chain.

Keywords:
adverse reactionsmedication errorspharmaceutical preparationsprescription drugsshortages

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Health Systems Management

Background:

  • Drug shortages pose significant challenges to meeting patient therapeutic needs.
  • Previous work established an operational definition for drug shortages, encompassing manufacturing processes, causes, and contributing factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the multifaceted causes of drug shortages.
  • To explore potential solutions for preventing and mitigating drug shortages.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature and expert analysis to identify causes of drug shortages.
  • Classification of potential solutions based on identified causes and responsible parties within the supply chain.

Main Results:

  • Drug shortages result from a complex interplay of factors including raw material scarcity, manufacturing issues, regulatory actions, financial decisions, and demand fluctuations.
  • Solutions are diverse and require coordinated efforts from manufacturers, suppliers, pharmacists, prescribers, patients, and governments.

Conclusions:

  • Preventing drug shortages is challenging due to their unpredictable nature.
  • Mitigating the impact of drug shortages necessitates shared responsibility and proactive management across the entire healthcare supply chain.