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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
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Congenital surfactant protein B (SP-B) deficiency: a case report
Fatma Khalsi1, Maha Chaabene1, Manel Ben Romdhane1
1Pediatrics Department B, Children's Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
None:
The incapacity to synthesize certain components of pulmonary surfactant causes a heterogeneous group of rare respiratory diseases called genetic disorders of surfactant dysfunction. We report a female full-term infant with neonatal respiratory distress of early onset due to inherited SP-B deficiency. The infant failed oxygen weaning at multiple trials. Chest computed tomography was performed on the 29th day of life revealing ground-glass opacities, regular interlobular septal thickening and fine interlobular reticulations. Analysis of genomic DNA showed homozygosity for an extremely rare SFTPB gene variant (c.620A>G, p.Tyr207Cys). Both parents were heterozygotes for the mutation. The diagnosis of congenital SP-B deficiency should be suspected whenever an early and acute respiratory failure in a term or near-term infant does not resolve after five days of age: diagnostic confirmation can be easily and rapidly obtained with the analysis of genomic DNA.
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