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Effectiveness of Home-Based Exercise and Nutrition Programs for Senior Adults on Muscle Outcomes: A Scoping Review
Emily Salas-Groves1, Allison Childress1, Kembra Albracht-Schulte2
1Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Clinical Interventions in Aging
|July 17, 2023
Summary
Home-based exercise and nutrition programs show mixed results for improving senior adults
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Exercise Science
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Sarcopenia, age-related muscle loss, poses significant health risks for senior adults.
- Home-based interventions offer a convenient approach to address muscle health in aging populations.
- Evidence for the efficacy of combined home-based exercise and nutrition programs remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review on home-based exercise and nutrition interventions for senior adults.
- To assess the existing evidence regarding muscle quality outcomes.
- To identify research gaps and inform future interventions for sarcopenia prevention and management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library).
- Inclusion of studies focusing on home-based exercise and nutrition interventions in senior adults.
- Analysis of muscle outcomes including mass, function, strength, and biochemical markers.
Main Results:
- Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria, with varied exercise (resistance, multi-component) and nutrition (supplements, education) components.
- Improvements were noted in muscle mass (2 studies), function (2 studies), and strength (3 studies).
- Biomarker improvements were not consistently found, and overall results on effectiveness were mixed.
Conclusions:
- Current evidence for home-based exercise and nutrition programs in senior adults is mixed.
- Significant knowledge gaps exist, limiting recommendations for sarcopenia prevention and management.
- Further research is needed to optimize and validate these interventions for older adults.
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