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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

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Propylthiouracil-Induced Neonatal Goiter: An Avoidable Problem.

Keyur Saboo1, Rinkle R Gemnani1, Nishtha Manuja2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND.

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|July 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Propylthiouracil (PTU) exposure during pregnancy can cause neonatal goiter and breathing issues in newborns. This case highlights the need for careful monitoring of infants exposed to PTU and reassessing its use in maternal Graves' disease.

Keywords:
maternal hyperthyroidismmithimazoleneonatal goiterpregnancypropylthiouracil

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism.
  • Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication used to manage hyperthyroidism.
  • Maternal thyroid dysfunction requires careful management during pregnancy due to potential fetal effects.

Observation:

  • A newborn presented with a neck mass and respiratory distress.
  • Maternal history revealed treatment with PTU for Graves' disease during pregnancy.
  • Neck CT scan confirmed significant thyroid gland enlargement (goiter).

Findings:

  • Antenatal propylthiouracil (PTU) exposure is linked to neonatal goiter.
  • Neonatal goiter can lead to significant respiratory compromise.
  • Thyroid function abnormalities in neonates exposed to PTU require vigilant monitoring.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of judicious use of PTU in pregnant patients with Graves' disease.
  • Enhanced fetal and neonatal monitoring protocols are crucial for pregnancies involving PTU exposure.
  • Shared decision-making regarding treatment options and risks is essential for managing maternal thyroid disorders during pregnancy.