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The Role of Serum Albumin Level during Hospitalization as a Predictor of Complications and Mortality in Children with
Shahrabanoo Nakhaie1, Behnam Sobouti2, Seyyed Hamid Salehi3
1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ali Asghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
Low serum albumin levels in pediatric burn patients are linked to increased complications and mortality. This finding highlights serum albumin as a crucial prognostic marker for burn injury severity in children.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pediatric Medicine
- Trauma Surgery
Background:
- Serum albumin is a potential biomarker for assessing burn injury severity and clinical staging in pediatric patients.
- Investigating the association between serum albumin levels and complications/mortality in children with burns is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between serum albumin levels and complications, including mortality, in pediatric burn patients.
- To determine the predictive value of serum albumin in outcomes such as pulmonary infection, sepsis, renal failure, ICU admission, and death.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 85 pediatric burn patients (under 18 years).
- Data collected included demographics, burn severity, serum albumin, and C-reactive protein levels.
- Statistical analyses included t-tests, chi-square, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression to assess the predictive role of albumin.
Main Results:
- The mean serum albumin level was significantly lower in patients experiencing pulmonary infection, sepsis, renal failure, ICU admission, and death (P < 0.001).
- Burn grade 2 was most common, with a mean burn percentage of 23.44 ± 16.50.
- Out of 85 patients, 25 were admitted to the ICU, and 13 deaths were recorded.
Conclusions:
- Serum albumin demonstrates significant predictive value for mortality, pulmonary infection, sepsis, ICU admission, and renal failure in pediatric burn patients.
- Serum albumin can serve as a valuable prognostic marker for morbidity and mortality associated with severe burn injuries in children.
Background:
Serum albumin can function as a potential biomarker to determine the severity of the injury and clinical staging of children with burns. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the association between serum albumin level and complications and mortality rate in children with burns.
Methods:
In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 85 patients younger than 18 years with burns who were admitted to Shahid Motahari hospital between 2021 and 2022 were studied. Demographic information, including patients' age, sex, weight, underlying diseases, medical information, albumin level, and C-reactive protein (CRP), was obtained from patient records. Patients were observed until discharge. The independent t-test, chi-square, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression were used for analysis and to examine the predictive role of albumin.
Results:
Out of 85 patients, 47 and 38 were boys and girls, respectively. The mean age of the participants was 3.69 ± 3.09 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.3 days, with a median of 1.5 days. The mean percentage of burns was 23.44 ± 16.50, and burn grade 2 was the most common. A total of 25 patients (29.41%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 13 deaths (15.29%) were observed among the patients. The mean albumin level was significantly lower than in other patients with outcomes of pulmonary infection, sepsis, renal failure, ICU admission, and death (P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Serum Albumin has a significant predictive value in death, pulmonary infection, sepsis, admission to the ICU, and renal failure. Serum albumin may be a good prognostic marker associated with morbidity and mortality.
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