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Association between cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19 pneumonia outcome in Indonesia: a multi-center cohort study

Erlina Burhan1,2, Farhan Mubarak2, Siti Aliyah Said Utriyani Adilah2

  • 1Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Persahabatan Central General Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Frontiers in Medicine
|July 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) like myocardial injury and hypertension worsen COVID-19 pneumonia outcomes in Indonesian patients. This includes increased mortality and longer hospital stays, highlighting the need for targeted care.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 pandemic impacts global health, with Indonesia being significantly affected.
  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes, but data from Indonesia is limited.
  • Understanding CVD's role in COVID-19 pneumonia is crucial for improving patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Indonesia.
  • To identify specific CVDs that impact mortality and hospital stay duration.
  • To provide data supporting better clinical decision-making for COVID-19 patients with pre-existing heart conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 584 adult COVID-19 pneumonia patients from four Indonesian hospitals (September 2020 - July 2021).
  • Patients classified into non-CVD and CVD groups, with specific CVDs including hypertension, myocardial injury (MI), coronary artery disease (CAD), and chronic heart failure (CHF).
  • Clinical outcomes analyzed: in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, ventilator use, and hospital stay duration. Mann-Whitney test used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension (48.1%) and myocardial injury (MI) (10.6%) were the most prevalent CVDs.
  • MI significantly increased in-hospital mortality (RR 2.105) and was associated with longer hospital stays (RR 1.969).
  • Any CVD (RR 1.553) and hypertension (RR 1.511) were linked to prolonged hospital stays.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases, particularly MI and hypertension.
  • These findings underscore the importance of managing CVD in COVID-19 patients to mitigate severe outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms and develop targeted interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
comorbiditieslength of staypredictivepreventive careprognosis

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