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Regulation of SARS-CoV-2 infection by diet-modulated gut microbiota

Vivian Tieu1, Sedra Tibi1, Jun Ling1

  • 1Department of Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, School of Medicine, Colton, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|July 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The gut microbiota influences COVID-19 severity and immune response via the gut-lung axis. Diet modulation of gut microbes may impact susceptibility and treatment outcomes for coronavirus disease 2019.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.
  • The gut microbiota interacts with host immunity, overlapping with systems affected by COVID-19.
  • The gut-lung axis is a key pathway for microbial influence on respiratory infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the role of gut microbiota in COVID-19 pathogenesis.
  • To investigate how gut microbiota regulates the immune system's response to SARS-CoV-2.
  • To explore the impact of diet on gut microbiota and COVID-19 outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on gut microbiota, immune system, and COVID-19.
  • Analysis of the gut-lung axis in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Discussion of dietary factors influencing gut microbiota composition and function.

Main Results:

  • Gut dysbiosis and altered microbial metabolites can affect the immune system in COVID-19 patients.
  • ACE2 expression in the gut may be modulated by microbiota, influencing SARS-CoV-2.
  • Elderly individuals and those with comorbidities show increased susceptibility linked to gut flora alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiota plays a significant role in modulating immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiota may offer strategies for managing COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and treatment.
  • Understanding the gut-lung axis is crucial for developing novel therapeutic approaches for COVID-19.
Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2comorbiditygut-lung axisinnate and adaptive immune systemmicrobiotanon-Western diet

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