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Long-Life Quasi-Solid-State Anode-Free Batteries Enabled by Li Compensation Coupled Interface Engineering.

Yuzhao Liu1, Xiangyu Meng1, Yu Shi2

  • 1State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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Summary

Researchers developed long-life quasi-solid-state anode-free lithium metal batteries using a Li compensation strategy. This approach enhances battery lifespan and energy density, offering improved performance and safety for next-generation power sources.

Keywords:
Li compensationanode-free batteriesinterface engineeringlong lifequasi-solid-state battery

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Anode-free lithium metal batteries offer high energy density but suffer from short lifespans due to irreversible lithium loss.
  • Existing zero-lithium-excess configurations are inadequate for long-term stability.
  • Developing stable and efficient anode-free battery systems is crucial for advanced energy storage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a strategy for long-life quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries.
  • To address irreversible lithium loss and cell degradation mechanisms.
  • To improve the energy density and safety of anode-free lithium metal batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized lithium sulfide (Li2S) as a sacrificial lithium supplement for compensation.
  • Employed interface engineering to create a robust inorganic-organic hybrid solid-state interphase.
  • Fabricated Ah-scale quasi-solid-state pouch cells with high-loading LiFePO4 cathodes and gel polymer electrolytes.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a long cycle life of 500 cycles for quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries.
  • Demonstrated a high specific energy of 300 Wh kg−1 in pouch cells.
  • Showcased significant improvements in gravimetric (46%) and volumetric (94%) energy density compared to LiFePO4||graphite batteries.
  • Exhibited superior volumetric energy density (22-47%) over LiFePO4||Li-metal batteries.
  • Demonstrated excellent safety, including resistance to nail penetration without failure.

Conclusions:

  • The Li compensation coupled with interface engineering strategy effectively enables long-life quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries.
  • The developed cells offer high energy density and improved volumetric efficiency.
  • The strategy enhances battery stability and safety, paving the way for practical applications.