Comparative Study of Chromium Phytoremediation by Two Aquatic Macrophytes

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Plant Biology
• Bioremediation

Background:

• Hexavalent chromium (Cr) is a toxic anthropogenic pollutant.
• Phytoremediation offers a sustainable solution for removing heavy metals from water.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of Marsilea minuta and Pistia stratiotes in remediating chromium (Cr).
• To assess the physiological responses of these plants to varying Cr concentrations.

Main Methods:

• A hydroponic experiment exposed Marsilea minuta and Pistia stratiotes to Cr concentrations (0.5–2.0 mM) for 3 days.
• Chromium accumulation, dry weight, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured.

Main Results:

• Highest Cr accumulation observed at 1.5 mM in both Marsilea (11.96 mg/g) and Pistia (18.78 mg/g).
• Increasing Cr concentrations led to decreased dry weights and elevated MDA levels, indicating oxidative stress.
• Both species demonstrated significant Cr uptake and tolerance.

Conclusions:

• Marsilea minuta and Pistia stratiotes are suitable candidates for chromium phytoremediation.
• Understanding antioxidant-enzyme activity is crucial for assessing plant tolerance to metal stress.