Multi-Ion Engineering Strategies toward High Performance Aqueous Zinc-Based Batteries

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Aqueous zinc-based batteries (AZBs) are promising battery alternatives.
• Challenges include sluggish kinetics, side reactions, and cathode degradation.
• Multi-ion engineering offers a viable strategy to overcome these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review multi-ion engineering strategies in AZBs.
• To clarify nomenclature and classification based on reaction mechanisms.
• To provide a foundation for unified discussions on multi-ion AZBs.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of existing literature on multi-ion AZBs.
• Analysis of battery configurations and electrochemical reaction mechanisms.
• Classification of strategies based on the role of additional ions.

Main Results:

• Multi-ion engineering effectively improves cathode stability and energy density.
• Identified and proposed a novel nomenclature for different multi-ion configurations.
• Highlighted performance enhancements achieved through these strategies.

Conclusions:

• Multi-ion engineering is crucial for advancing AZB technology.
• Standardized nomenclature is needed for clear communication and future research.
• Further research should focus on overcoming fundamental challenges to accelerate AZB commercialization.