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Nivolumab-Induced PRES (Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome).
Kanica Yashi1, Jaswinder Virk2, Taral Parikh3
1Internal Medicine, Bassett Health Care, Cooperstown, USA.
Cureus
|July 18, 2023
Summary
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) can occur with immunotherapy like nivolumab. This case report highlights nivolumab-induced PRES, adding to the literature on this rare side effect.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Radiology
Background:
- Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition characterized by headache, seizures, and visual disturbances.
- Traditionally associated with hypertension and eclampsia, PRES is increasingly linked to medical treatments.
- Immunotherapy and chemotherapy agents are emerging causes of PRES.
Observation:
- Nivolumab, an immunotherapy used in cancer treatment, has been identified as a potential cause of PRES.
- This report details a specific case of PRES occurring in a patient undergoing nivolumab therapy.
- Existing literature includes a few case reports on nivolumab-induced PRES.
Findings:
- The study focuses on a clinical-radiographic presentation of PRES.
- Key symptoms include headache, vision abnormalities, nausea/vomiting, and seizures.
- Radiographic evidence shows posterior cerebral white matter edema.
Implications:
- This case contributes to understanding the adverse effects of nivolumab.
- Awareness of nivolumab-induced PRES is crucial for oncologists and neurologists.
- Early recognition and management of PRES in patients on nivolumab are essential.
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