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Design of Cathode Coating Using Niobate and Phosphate Hybrid Material for Sulfide-Based Solid-State Battery
Yusuke Morino1, Akihiro Shiota1, Satoshi Kanada1
1Consortium for Lithium Ion Battery Technology and Evaluation Center (LIBTEC) 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 18, 2023
Summary
Developing new hybrid lithium niobate and phosphate coatings significantly enhances the durability of all-solid-state battery cathodes. These advanced coatings improve performance under harsh conditions by suppressing decomposition reactions.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Battery Technology
Background:
- Coating cathode active materials in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) with sulfide solid electrolytes is crucial for performance enhancement.
- Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is a common coating material but suffers from poor durability at high potentials and temperatures.
- This limitation hinders the development of high-performance ASSBs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop novel hybrid coating materials combining lithium niobate (Li-Nb-O) and lithium phosphate (Li-P-O).
- To investigate the impact of the P/(Nb + P) ratio on the durability of these hybrid coatings.
- To understand the mechanism behind improved durability in hybrid coatings.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of cathode materials coated with LiPxNb1-xO3 hybrid materials (x = 0-1).
- Degradation testing of cathode half-cells under harsh conditions (60 °C, 4.55 V vs Li/Li+) for 120 hours.
- Analysis using advanced techniques: SEM/EDS, TEM, XPS, XAS, ToF-SIMS, TEM/electron diffraction.
Main Results:
- P substitution in LiNbO3 coatings significantly improved durability and reduced interfacial resistance.
- The hybrid coating with a P/(Nb + P) ratio of 0.5 (x=0.5) exhibited superior capacity retention and lower interfacial resistance.
- Analysis revealed that P in the Nb-O-P coordination captured oxygen, suppressing decomposition side reactions.
Conclusions:
- Hybrid Li-Nb-O/Li-P-O coatings offer enhanced durability for ASSB cathodes compared to pure LiNbO3.
- The P substitution mechanism effectively stabilizes the coating layer against oxidative decomposition.
- Optimized hybrid coatings are promising for realizing high-performance and long-lasting all-solid-state batteries.
