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Related Concept Videos

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

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Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

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When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width01:05

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When a body is submerged in water, it experiences fluid pressure acting normal on its surface and distributed over its area. For better design structures, it is crucial to determine the magnitude and location of the resultant force acting on the surface. In the case of a rectangular plate of constant width submerged in water, the pressure increases with depth, resulting in a linearly varying trapezoidal pressure distribution from the upper to the lower edge of the plate.
The resultant force...
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Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

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When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
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Turbulent Flow01:24

Turbulent Flow

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Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent...
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Rapidly Varying Flow01:24

Rapidly Varying Flow

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Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
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Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
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Fluctuating hydrodynamics and the Rayleigh-Plateau instability.

Bryn Barker1, John B Bell2, Alejandro L Garcia3

  • 1Department of Mathematics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thermal fluctuations significantly impact fluid dynamics at the nanoscale, influencing the Rayleigh-Plateau instability. This study introduces a new model showing fluctuations can cause short cylinders to break apart, unlike deterministic predictions.

Keywords:
Rayleigh–Plateau instabilityfluctuating hydrodynamicsinterfacial instabilitynanoscale fluid dynamicsthermal fluctuations

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Nanoscale phenomena
  • Interfacial science

Background:

  • Surface tension drives the Rayleigh-Plateau instability in fluid columns.
  • At nanometer scales, thermal fluctuations become significant, affecting interfacial dynamics.
  • Previous studies used molecular dynamics and stochastic lubrication theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce an incompressible fluctuating hydrodynamics model for binary fluid mixtures.
  • Investigate stochastic interfacial phenomena, specifically the Rayleigh-Plateau instability.
  • Analyze the role of thermal fluctuations in fluid column breakup.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a diffuse-interface fluctuating hydrodynamics model.
  • Implemented an efficient numerical algorithm.
  • Performed simulations of stable interfaces and Rayleigh-Plateau instability for various Ohnesorge numbers.

Main Results:

  • Validated the model with stable equilibrium interface simulations.
  • Observed significant differences in temporal evolution between stochastic and deterministic simulations.
  • Confirmed thermal fluctuations induce pinching in short cylinders, contrary to deterministic stability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model accurately captures stochastic interfacial phenomena.
  • Thermal fluctuations play a crucial role in fluid instabilities at the nanoscale.
  • The model is applicable to a wider range of surface tension-driven phenomena.