Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

8.6K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
8.6K
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

12.2K
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
12.2K
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

7.0K
Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
7.0K
What are Second Messengers?01:12

What are Second Messengers?

84.0K
Because many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic, they do not cross the cell membrane and thus their message must be relayed to a second messenger on the inside. There are several second messenger pathways, each with their own way of relaying information. G-protein coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol path is active when the receptor induces phospholipase C to hydrolyze the phospholipid,...
84.0K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

13.2K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.2K
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

5.8K
Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
5.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lysosomal membrane homeostasis and its importance in physiology and disease.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2025
Same author

The expanding repertoire of ESCRT functions in cell biology and disease.

Nature·2025
Same author

Intercellular transfer of cancer cell invasiveness via endosome-mediated protease shedding.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Removal of hypersignaling endosomes by simaphagy.

Autophagy·2023
Same author

ATPase-regulated autophagosome biogenesis.

Autophagy·2023
Same author

Protrudin-mediated ER-endosome contact sites promote phagocytosis.

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

9.6K

Phosphoinositides in New Spaces.

Elizabeth Michele Davies1, Christina Anne Mitchell2, Harald Alfred Stenmark3,4

  • 1Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia h.a.stenmark@medisin.uio.no michele.davies@monash.edu.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|July 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Phosphoinositides (PIs) regulate cell biology, impacting development and diseases like cancer. Understanding PI regulation offers new therapeutic targets for various human disorders.

More Related Videos

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

10.5K
Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
08:07

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

9.6K
Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

10.5K
Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
08:07

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Phosphoinositides (PIs) are crucial phospholipids regulating diverse cellular functions.
  • PIs are dynamically regulated by PI kinases and phosphatases through phosphorylation.
  • Dysregulation of PI pathways is linked to congenital disorders and diseases including cancer and neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging roles of phosphoinositides in cell signaling.
  • To highlight PI involvement in primary cilia and interorganelle membrane contact sites.
  • To identify novel functions of PIs in subcellular compartments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in phosphoinositide research.
  • Focus on genetic mutations and therapeutic targeting of PI regulatory enzymes.
  • Analysis of PIs' roles in subcellular compartments and membrane dynamics.

Main Results:

  • PIs are central regulators of membrane dynamics in distinct subcellular compartments.
  • PIs play significant roles in primary cilium signaling.
  • PIs are implicated in molecular transfer at interorganelle membrane contact sites.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphoinositides are key regulators of fundamental cellular processes.
  • Targeting PI regulatory enzymes presents potential therapeutic strategies for human diseases.
  • Further research into PI functions in subcellular spaces is warranted.