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Phonemic segmentation of narrative speech in human cerebral cortex
Xue L Gong1, Alexander G Huth2, Fatma Deniz3
1Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720, CA, USA. lilyxuegong@berkeley.edu.
Nature Communications
|July 18, 2023
Summary
Cortical phonemic processing involves larger brain regions than previously thought, encompassing areas for diphone and triphone representation. These regions are crucial for integrating speech sounds with word retrieval in the brain.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Science
- Speech Processing
Background:
- Speech processing relies on segmenting acoustic patterns into meaningful units.
- Cortical phonemic processing is essential for understanding spoken language.
- Previous research has primarily focused on single phoneme processing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the brain regions involved in cortical phonemic processing for phonemes, diphones, and triphones using fMRI.
- To determine the extent of phonemic processing areas in the brain.
- To explore the relationship between phonemic processing and lexical retrieval.
Main Methods:
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used for whole-brain mapping.
- The study analyzed responses to single phonemes, diphones, and triphones.
- Cortical regions were identified and compared with known lexical retrieval areas.
Main Results:
- Phonemic processing areas are significantly larger than previously described.
- These areas include the dorsal superior temporal gyrus and a broader region in the lateral temporal cortex.
- Diphone features are best represented in the lateral temporal cortex, overlapping with lexical retrieval regions.
Conclusions:
- Cortical phonemic processing extends beyond classical areas, involving larger networks.
- The findings suggest that phonemic processing and lexical retrieval are jointly processed in specific brain regions.
- These results provide new insights into the neural basis of speech perception and language comprehension.
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