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Adults' Experiences with Type 2 Diabetes in Rural Guatemala: A Qualitative Study.

Peter Rohloff, David Flood, Eva Tuiz

    Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved
    |July 19, 2023
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    In rural Guatemala, adults with type 2 diabetes perceive stress and emotions as key causes, alongside diet and genetics. Their treatment views integrate biopharmaceuticals with traditional remedies, highlighting cultural influences on diabetes management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Global Health
    • Medical Anthropology
    • Diabetes Research

    Background:

    • Rising diabetes burden in low- and middle-income countries necessitates understanding local perspectives.
    • Type 2 diabetes affects Indigenous communities in rural Guatemala.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine perceptions of causality and treatment among adults with type 2 diabetes.
    • To understand the lived experiences of diabetes patients in rural Indigenous Guatemalan communities.

    Main Methods:

    • Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews.
    • 29 adults with type 2 diabetes participated from two Indigenous Guatemalan towns.
    • Data were coded inductively and themes were identified by consensus.

    Main Results:

    • Participants identified emotional experiences and stress as primary perceived causes of diabetes, alongside diet and heritability.
    • While utilizing biopharmaceutical treatments, participants also valued diet, exercise, herbal remedies, and naturopathic products.
    • A significant divergence exists between participants' views and the biomedical model of diabetes.

    Conclusions:

    • Perspectives on diabetes causality and treatment in rural Indigenous Guatemalan communities differ from the biomedical model.
    • Findings have implications for tailoring clinical practice and developing culturally sensitive diabetes programs.
    • Understanding diverse patient viewpoints is crucial for effective diabetes care in global settings.