Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Relationship Formation02:12

Relationship Formation

40.1K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
40.1K
Propagation of Action Potentials01:23

Propagation of Action Potentials

6.0K
The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
6.0K
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

483
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
483
Distribution and Dispersion00:54

Distribution and Dispersion

21.9K
To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement is known as the species distribution or dispersion. Highly territorial species exhibit a uniform distribution pattern, in which individuals are spaced at relatively equal distances from one another. Species that are highly tied to particular resources, such as food or shelter, tend to concentrate around those resources, and thus exhibit a...
21.9K
Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

122
In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant...
122
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

2.6K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Toward a new generation of market indicators driven by blockchain transaction networks.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

[Guideline for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease in Adult Patients].

Revista medica de Chile·2026
Same author

Improving CTR with the FastIC ASIC for TOF-PET by overcoming SiPM noise with baseline correction.

IEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences·2026
Same author

Precision cardiovascular medicine: shifting the innovation paradigm.

Frontiers in science·2025
Same author

Inf-sup stable space-time Local Discontinuous Galerkin method for the heat equation.

Journal of scientific computing·2025
Same author

Effect of strategic nutrient reduction and exogenous enzyme supplementation on mineral and energy balance in growing pigs.

Animal bioscience·2025
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.2K

Spreading dynamics in networks under context-dependent behavior.

Giulio Burgio1, Sergio Gómez1, Alex Arenas1

  • 1Departament d'Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.

Physical Review. E
|July 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a minimal model for context-dependent spreading where agents adjust interactions based on peer behavior. Sociological factors significantly influence epidemic spread by altering group dynamics and contagion.

More Related Videos

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
08:36

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Published on: March 21, 2019

7.3K
A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
08:38

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

Published on: November 21, 2019

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.2K
Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
08:36

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Published on: March 21, 2019

7.3K
A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
08:38

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

Published on: November 21, 2019

7.7K

Area of Science:

  • Complex Systems
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociophysics

Background:

  • Agent behavior can create context, indirectly modifying interactions within groups.
  • Existing models often overlook context-dependent dynamics in spreading phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a minimal model of context-dependent spreading.
  • To analyze how group organization and sociological factors impact epidemic dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Agent-based modeling with two behavioral types.
  • Mean-field theory to parametrize assortativity and group composition.
  • Analysis of epidemic spreading with context-dependent adoption of interventions.

Main Results:

  • Context-dependent interactions reveal rich phenomenology for basic reproduction number and endemic states.
  • Group organization significantly influences epidemic spread, shifting systems between subcritical and supercritical phases.
  • Sociological factors, like ease of adopting prophylactic behaviors, are key determinants of epidemic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The model provides a theoretical foundation for higher-order contexts in complex systems.
  • Context-dependent interactions offer a new framework for investigating diverse systems, from social behavior to disease transmission.
  • Understanding group organization is crucial for managing epidemic spreading and public health interventions.