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Related Concept Videos

Proliferative Phase01:20

Proliferative Phase

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The proliferative phase typically occurs after menstruation and lasts between 6 to 13 days in a standard 28-day cycle. This phase involves the reconstruction of the endometrium, guided by estrogen produced by the developing ovarian follicle.
Notably, the stratum basale, the basal layer of the endometrium, including the basal parts of the uterine glands, remains unaffected by menstruation. Stem cells in this layer undergo mitosis, regenerating the stratum functionalis and thickening the...
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Ovarian Cycle01:27

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The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Secretory Phase01:19

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The secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, spanning from day 14 to 28 in a typical 28-day cycle, is a period of significant physiological changes in the female reproductive system. This phase commences immediately after ovulation and is characterized by the preparation of the endometrium for potential embryo implantation.
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Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

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The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...
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The Menstrual Cycle01:19

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The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a...
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Ultrasonography in Experimental Reproductive Investigations on Rats
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Luteal phase decrease in packed cell volume in healthy non-pregnant and pregnant bitches.

Rachel Moxon1,2, Rebekah Dutton Worsfold1, Julie Davis1

  • 1Guide Dogs National Centre, Leamington Spa, UK.

Veterinary Medicine and Science
|July 19, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Packed cell volume (PCV) in female dogs changes throughout pregnancy and recovery. Factors like litter size and parity influence PCV decline and recovery rates, offering insights for managing potential anemia.

Keywords:
anaemiadoghaematocritoestrus cyclepregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Reproductive Physiology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Packed cell volume (PCV) is a key hematological parameter.
  • Understanding PCV fluctuations in bitches during the reproductive cycle is crucial for health monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine packed cell volume (PCV) ranges in non-pregnant, pregnant, and postpartum female dogs.
  • To investigate the relationship between PCV, parity, and litter size in bitches.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 37 healthy breeding bitches.
  • Routine blood samples were collected every 4 weeks from day 10 of proestrus for PCV monitoring.

Main Results:

  • PCV decreased in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches until week 8, recovering by 16-20 weeks.
  • Larger litters correlated with greater PCV declines.
  • Bitches with fewer previous litters showed quicker PCV recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Chronological PCV variations were established for pregnant and non-pregnant bitches.
  • Routine PCV monitoring in healthy bitches showed no clear benefit.
  • Study findings are valuable for managing bitches with a history of anemia or anticipating blood loss.