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Physical activity, sedentary behavior and pancreatitis risk: Mendelian randomization study.

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Reducing leisure screen time (LST) may prevent acute pancreatitis (AP). This study used Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal link between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and pancreatitis, finding no association with chronic pancreatitis (CP).

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest physical activity protects against acute pancreatitis (AP).
  • However, the causal links between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and AP/chronic pancreatitis (CP) are not well-established.
  • Mendelian randomization (MR) can address these uncertainties by leveraging genetic variants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationships between physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP).
  • To utilize Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess these associations, simulating a randomized controlled trial using genetic data.

Main Methods:

  • Employed Mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic data from UK Biobank (PA, SB) and FinnGen (AP, CP).
  • Assessed three physical activity patterns (MVPA, AccAve, Acc425) and three sedentary behavior patterns (LST, Sedentary commuting, Sedentary behavior at work).
  • Utilized inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger methods, with sensitivity analyses including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercepts, and MR-PRESSO.

Main Results:

  • A significant causal relationship was identified between leisure screen time (LST) and increased risk of acute pancreatitis (AP) (OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.16-1.64, p=0.0002).
  • No significant causal associations were found between physical activity or other sedentary behaviors and either acute or chronic pancreatitis.
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, indicating no significant pleiotropy or heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing leisure screen time (LST) is a potential strategy for preventing acute pancreatitis (AP).
  • This finding suggests a modifiable risk factor for AP, potentially reducing associated health burdens.
  • No causal links were established for physical activity or other sedentary behaviors with pancreatitis in this MR study.