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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Particle Acceleration
  • Laser Technology

Background:

  • Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) has advanced significantly, improving electron energy, charge, and stability.
  • Simultaneous optimization of electron beam parameters remains a challenge for next-generation compact accelerators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and test slit-shaped gas nozzles for generating GeV electron beams via LWFA.
  • To demonstrate a novel injection method for producing high-quality electron bunches.

Main Methods:

  • Design of slit-shaped gas nozzles producing centimeter-long supersonic gas jets.
  • Utilizing a laser-machined density down-ramp for injection into the laser wakefield.
  • Employing hydrodynamic optical-field-ionization and plasma expansion for electron bunch injection.

Main Results:

  • Electron bunches accelerated to the GeV regime using the novel gas nozzles.
  • Demonstration of quasi-monoenergetic electron beams with high charge (~100 pC).
  • Achieved low divergence (~1 mrad) and small energy spread (~1%) at 1 GeV.

Conclusions:

  • Slit-shaped gas nozzles enable efficient GeV-scale electron acceleration in LWFA.
  • The hydrodynamic injection method provides controllable, high-quality electron beams.
  • This approach offers full plasma access, facilitating further improvements in LWFA beam quality.