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Related Concept Videos

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
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Double In Utero Electroporation to Target Temporally and Spatially Separated Cell Populations
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A cell-type-specific error-correction signal in the posterior parietal cortex.

Jonathan Green1, Carissa A Bruno2, Lisa Traunmüller2

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. jonathan_green@hms.harvard.edu.

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|July 19, 2023
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Summary

Researchers discovered a specific type of somatostatin (Sst) neuron in the brain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • The posterior parietal cortex is crucial for navigation and decision-making.
  • Over 50 cortical cell types exist, but their specific roles are often unclear.
  • Understanding cell-type-specific functions is key to deciphering brain circuitry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a specific subset of somatostatin (Sst) inhibitory neurons in the mouse posterior parietal cortex.
  • To investigate the functional role of these Sst neurons in goal-directed navigation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized adeno-associated virus for targeted gene expression in a subset of Sst cells.
  • Recorded neuronal activity during virtual navigation tasks using in vivo two-photon photostimulation.
  • Performed ex vivo paired patch-clamp recordings to analyze cellular connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Identified a distinct subset of Sst neurons exhibiting synchronous activity during navigation.
  • Discovered a self-excitation circuit mediated by gap junctions among these Sst neurons.
  • Observed selective activation of these Sst neurons during course corrections in virtual navigation.

Conclusions:

  • This Sst neuron subtype provides a cell-type-specific error-correction signal in the posterior parietal cortex.
  • A self-reinforcing circuit involving Sst neurons may facilitate accurate navigation and learning.
  • These findings elucidate a novel mechanism for error processing in spatial navigation.