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Related Experiment Videos

Urinary immunoglobulin G: a routine and highly sensitive technique based on competitive binding.

U Di Mario, S Morano, M Mancuso

    Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Immunology
    |July 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new assay accurately detects low levels of urinary immunoglobulin G (IgG), crucial for early diabetic nephropathy detection. This sensitive method offers a rapid, routine test for clinical use.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Early detection of diabetic nephropathy relies on urinary immunoglobulin and albumin/immunoglobulin ratio.
    • Current routine tests lack the sensitivity and specificity required for early-stage urinary immunoglobulin assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a highly sensitive and specific routine assay for detecting urinary immunoglobulin G (IgG).
    • To provide a reliable method for assessing early diabetic nephropathy.

    Main Methods:

    • A competitive radioimmunoassay was designed using radiolabeled human IgG and anti-human IgG antibodies immobilized on polystyrene microtitre tubes.
    • Urine samples were diluted and incubated with radiolabeled IgG in antibody-coated tubes.
    • Radioactivity was measured after washing to quantify urinary IgG levels.

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    Main Results:

    • The developed assay accurately detects immunoglobulin G in urine.
    • The technique requires minimal urine volume (microliters) and has a short incubation time (3 hours).
    • The assay can detect approximately 120 ng of IgG/ml, which is well below clinically relevant thresholds.

    Conclusions:

    • The new radioimmunoassay is suitable for routine clinical use due to its accuracy, sensitivity, and speed.
    • This assay facilitates the early detection of diabetic nephropathy by quantifying urinary IgG levels.