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Screening for Anxiety and Depression in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Marianne Jacob1, Karen Lin-Su2, Corinne Catarozoli3

  • 1Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, New Jersey, USA

Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
|July 20, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) do not exhibit increased anxiety or depression symptoms compared to controls. Routine mental health evaluations are recommended due to differing child and caregiver perceptions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Genetics and Inherited Diseases

Background:

  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder requiring lifelong medication and posing risks for adrenal crisis.
  • The chronic management of CAH in children can impact mental health, increasing vulnerability to psychiatric conditions.
  • Assessing anxiety and depressive symptoms in pediatric CAH populations is crucial for comprehensive care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence and severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in children diagnosed with CAH.
  • To compare mental health outcomes in children with CAH against a control group with hypothyroidism (HT).
  • To investigate the correlation between disease control and psychological well-being in pediatric CAH.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional cohort study involving 34 children with CAH and 26 children with HT (ages 7-17) and their caregivers.
  • Utilized validated instruments including the Children’s Depression Inventory 2 (CDI-2) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED).
  • Self-report and caregiver-proxy measures were collected during a single clinic visit.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in anxiety or depressive symptoms was found between children with CAH and the HT control group.
  • Children reported more anxiety and depression symptoms than their caregivers, indicating a discrepancy in perception.
  • No association was observed between the level of adrenal control and the presence of anxiety or depression symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Children with CAH do not present with higher levels of anxiety or depression compared to children with hypothyroidism.
  • Discrepancies between child self-reports and caregiver-proxy reports highlight the need for individualized mental health assessments.
  • Regular mental health screenings are advisable for children with CAH, irrespective of caregiver concerns.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anxietydepressioncongenital adrenal hyperplasia

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