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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Digital Spatial Profiling for Characterization of the Microenvironment in Adult-Type Diffusely Infiltrating Glioma
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Diagnostic algorithm for pathological evaluation of gliomas in a resource-constrained setting.

Sonam Jain1, Pooja Gupta1, K B Shankar2

  • 1Department of Pathology, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
|July 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a diagnostic algorithm for gliomas using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for IDH1 and ATRX markers. The algorithm aids in accurate diagnosis and prognosis, especially in resource-limited settings.

Keywords:
Alpha Thalassemia/Mental Retardation Syndrome X-Linkeddiffuse astrocytomaglioblastomagliomaimmunohistochemistryiso-citrate dehydrogenase1iso-citrate dehydrogenase1 R132Holigodendrogliomasecondary glioblastoma

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Molecular Pathology
  • Cancer Diagnostics

Background:

  • Gliomas are primary brain tumors requiring integrated histo-molecular diagnosis per WHO classification.
  • Molecular testing is often unavailable, necessitating reliance on histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
  • IDH1 and ATRX markers are crucial for glioma diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a diagnostic algorithm for gliomas integrating morphology, IDH1, and ATRX status.
  • To stratify gliomas into prognostic subgroups using IHC markers.

Main Methods:

  • An analytical cross-sectional study of 60 glioma cases.
  • Evaluation of IDH1 and ATRX mutation status using IHC.
  • Classification into three molecular groups based on IDH1 and ATRX status.

Main Results:

  • The study included astrocytic (n=51) and oligodendroglial tumors (n=9).
  • IDH1 mutations were present in 26 cases, and ATRX mutations (loss of ATRX) in 17 cases.
  • Gliomas were stratified into three prognostic groups: IDH1-/ATRX+ (n=34), IDH1+/ATRX+ (n=9), and IDH1+/ATRX- (n=17).

Conclusions:

  • An integrated diagnostic approach combining clinicoradiological, histopathological, and molecular data is essential for glioma diagnosis.
  • IDH1 and ATRX evaluation via IHC offers diagnostic and prognostic value, aiding in tumor differentiation and outcome prediction.
  • IHC serves as a viable surrogate for molecular tests in resource-constrained environments, enabling prognostic stratification.