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Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Severely Malnourished Children Admitted to Nutrition Rehabilitation Centers: A Multicenter

Manjula Singh1, Bhavna Dhingra2, Bipra Bishnu3

  • 1Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|July 20, 2023
PubMed

Insights

A study found that over 4% of severely malnourished children in India

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Severe malnutrition is a significant health concern in children.
  • Malnourished children are more susceptible to infections, including tuberculosis.
  • Nutritional rehabilitation centers (NRCs) admit children with acute severe malnutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in severely malnourished children admitted to NRCs in India.
  • To assess the feasibility of diagnosing TB in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted across 41 NRCs in India.
  • Children admitted to NRCs were screened for pulmonary TB using a national algorithm.
  • Diagnostic methods included Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT), tuberculin skin test (TST), and chest X-ray.

Main Results:

  • A total of 4356 children were enrolled.
  • Pulmonary tuberculosis was identified in 189 children (4.3%).
  • Microbiological confirmation (positive CBNAAT) was found in 87 children (1.99%).
  • A history of contact with a TB patient was the only significant associated factor.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial proportion of severely malnourished children admitted to NRCs have pulmonary TB.
  • Screening and diagnosis of TB in these children are feasible and important for improving health outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
CBNAATGastric lavageNutritional rehabilitation centerTrueNatTuberculin skin test

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