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Pain and Dysfunction Reported After Gender-Affirming Surgery: A Scoping Review.
Mark D Bishop1,2,3, Jane Morgan-Daniel4, Meryl J Alappattu1,2,3
1Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Physical Therapy
|July 20, 2023
Summary
Pain and dysfunction are common after gender-affirming surgery. Physical therapists often manage these issues, suggesting a greater role in patient recovery. Future research should standardize outcome measures.
Area of Science:
- Medical Sciences
- Surgical Procedures
- Rehabilitation
Background:
- Gender-affirming surgery encompasses a range of procedures for transgender individuals.
- Post-surgical outcomes, particularly pain and dysfunction, require thorough investigation.
- Conservative care's role in recovery is often underreported.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize reported pain and dysfunction outcomes following gender-affirming surgeries.
- To identify the types and rates of these adverse events.
- To document the involvement of conservative care in the literature.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted from inception to 2021.
- Abstracts and full texts underwent dual-reviewer screening.
- Data extraction utilized a custom survey, followed by data summarization.
Main Results:
- 31 papers covered masculinizing and 87 feminizing procedures, with most focusing on surgical outcomes.
- Limited standardized outcome measures were used for pain and dysfunction.
- Common issues included pain across body regions, vaginal stenosis, and incontinence, often managed by physical therapists.
Conclusions:
- Published studies frequently lack systematic data collection on post-gender-affirming surgery pain and dysfunction.
- The role of physical therapists in recovery is often not detailed.
- Standardized outcome measures are needed for future research.
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