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Related Concept Videos

Anorexia Nervosa01:28

Anorexia Nervosa

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Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
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Bulimia Nervosa01:30

Bulimia Nervosa

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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
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Related Experiment Video

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Persistent thinness and anorexia nervosa differ on a genomic level.

Christopher Hübel1,2,3,4,5, Mohamed Abdulkadir6,7, Moritz Herle8,9

  • 1Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. christopher.huebel@ki.se.

European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG
|July 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Persistent thinness and anorexia nervosa have distinct genetic profiles. Thinness shows negative genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders, unlike anorexia nervosa, suggesting genomic differentiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry
  • Human Biology

Background:

  • Thinness and anorexia nervosa are characterized by low weight but differ in body perception and weight goals.
  • Both conditions are heritable and share genetic links with Body Mass Index (BMI), yet are not genetically correlated with each other.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genomic differences between persistent thinness and anorexia nervosa.
  • To compare the genetic correlations of thinness and anorexia nervosa with psychiatric disorders.
  • To analyze genetic associations in individuals with persistent thinness.

Main Methods:

  • Part 1: Compared genetic correlations of persistent thinness/anorexia nervosa with eleven psychiatric disorders using publicly available data.
  • Part 2: Identified individuals with adolescent persistent thinness in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) using latent class growth analysis of BMI (n=6594).
  • Evaluated associations with psychiatric and anthropometric polygenic scores in persistent thinness.

Main Results:

  • Anorexia nervosa exhibited positive genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders.
  • Persistent thinness demonstrated negative genetic correlations with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, alcohol dependence, major depressive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
  • Individuals with persistent thinness had lower borderline personality disorder polygenic scores.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variants associated with thinness are negatively linked with psychiatric disorders.
  • Genomic analysis supports the differentiation of thinness from anorexia nervosa.
  • Findings highlight distinct genetic underpinnings for thinness and anorexia nervosa.