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Phenytoin-induced dyskinesia: a case report.
Kashvi C Shah1, Nishi S Patel1, Paritosh Vasani2
1L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India.
Journal of Medical Case Reports
|July 20, 2023
Summary
Phenytoin, an antiepileptic drug, can cause dyskinesia, a movement disorder. This case report highlights successful treatment with prompt identification and drug monitoring, offering valuable insights for managing phenytoin-induced involuntary movements.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Dyskinesia is characterized by involuntary muscle movements, often drug-induced.
- Phenytoin, an antiepileptic, rarely causes dyskinesia, a type of dystonia.
Observation:
- A 53-year-old patient on phenytoin developed perioral involuntary movements, speech impairment, and tremors.
- Toxic serum phenytoin levels (33 µg/mL) and brain MRI findings suggested phenytoin-induced dyskinesia.
Findings:
- Initiation of levetiracetam and clonazepam led to significant symptom improvement.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment successfully reversed the phenytoin-induced dyskinesia.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering phenytoin-induced dyskinesia in patients with unexplained movement disorders.
- Periodic therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for patients on phenytoin to prevent toxicity and adverse effects.
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