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Related Concept Videos

Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

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An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
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Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
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Forced Oscillations01:06

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When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.
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Modes of Standing Waves - I01:03

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A close look at earthquakes provides evidence for the conditions appropriate for resonance, standing waves, and constructive and destructive interference. A building may vibrate for several seconds with a driving frequency matching the building's natural frequency of vibration; this produces a resonance that results in one building collapsing while the neighboring buildings do not. Often, buildings of a certain height are devastated, while other taller buildings remain intact. This...
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Modes of Standing Waves: II01:04

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The starting point for expressing the modes of standing waves is understanding the boundary conditions that the waves must follow. The boundary conditions are derived from the physical understanding of how the standing waves are sustained, that is, how the vibrating particles of the medium behave at the boundaries imposed on them.
For a tube open at one end and closed at the other filled with air, the modes are such that there is always an antinode at the open end and a node at the closed end....
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Damped Oscillations01:07

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In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2025

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
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Transverse mode instability in fiber laser oscillators.

Liang Dong, Michalis N Zervas

    Optics Express
    |July 21, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a theoretical model for transverse mode instability (TMI) in oscillators. It reveals higher-order mode lasing at high powers, differing from fiber amplifiers and impacting fundamental mode growth.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • Transverse Mode Instability (TMI) is a critical phenomenon limiting high-power laser operation.
    • Existing models primarily focus on fiber amplifiers, leaving oscillator behavior less understood.
    • Stimulated Thermal Rayleigh Scattering (STRS) offers a potential mechanism for TMI in various laser systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically investigate Transverse Mode Instability (TMI) in laser oscillators using a Stimulated Thermal Rayleigh Scattering (STRS) model.
    • To elucidate the onset and characteristics of higher-order mode (HOM) lasing under high pump power conditions.
    • To compare the TMI dynamics in oscillators with those observed in fiber amplifiers.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a theoretical model based on Stimulated Thermal Rayleigh Scattering (STRS).

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  • Numerical simulations to analyze laser mode behavior under increasing pump power.
  • Definition and analysis of TMI thresholds based on HOM lasing conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Higher-order mode (HOM) lasing initiates at elevated pump powers.
    • Fundamental mode (FM) growth is suppressed once HOM lasing begins.
    • Increased pump power primarily contributes to HOM growth, distinct from fiber amplifier behavior.
    • Theoretical TMI thresholds align with experimental measurements and dependencies on pump configuration and wavelength.

    Conclusions:

    • The STRS model provides a valid theoretical framework for understanding TMI in laser oscillators.
    • TMI in oscillators exhibits unique dynamics compared to fiber amplifiers, characterized by a shift in energy to HOMs.
    • The study validates the theoretical TMI thresholds against experimental data, offering insights for laser design.