The role of m5C methyltransferases in cardiovascular diseases

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Cardiology

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading global cause of mortality.
• The role of RNA epigenetics, specifically RNA modifications, in CVD pathogenesis is an emerging area of research.
• 5-methylcytosine (m5C) is a key epitranscriptomic modification influencing gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent findings on m5C RNA modifications in the context of cardiovascular disease.
• To elucidate the functions and mechanisms of m5C modifications and associated proteins in cardiac health and disease.
• To highlight the implications of m5C epitranscriptomics in various cardiac pathologies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on m5C RNA methylomes.
• Analysis of research on proteins involved in m5C modification.
• Synthesis of information regarding the functional roles of m5C in cardiac pathologies.

Main Results:

• m5C modifications are crucial regulators of gene expression in mammalian cells.
• Specific m5C patterns and their regulatory proteins are implicated in cardiac pathologies.
• Understanding m5C is vital for comprehending the molecular basis of heart disease.

Conclusions:

• m5C RNA modifications represent a significant layer of gene regulation with profound implications for cardiovascular health.
• Further research into m5C epitranscriptomics offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies for CVD.
• This review consolidates current knowledge on m5C's role in cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and atherosclerosis.