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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:17

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

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The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
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Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

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The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
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Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

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The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
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Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
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Flail Chest-II01:26

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
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Accessory Organs01:31

Accessory Organs

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Accessory organs are those that participate in the digestion of food but do not come into direct contact with it like the mouth, stomach, or intestine do. Accessory organs secrete enzymes into the digestive tract to facilitate the breakdown of food.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2025

Author Spotlight: Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome
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Author Spotlight: Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome

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Not Just Another Trigger Finger.

Maleeh Effendi1, Frank Yuan1, Peter J Stern1

  • 1University of Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Hand (New York, N.Y.)
|July 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe surgical site infections after trigger finger release can lead to devastating, permanent functional deficits, especially in diabetic patients. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of postoperative infections are crucial to prevent long-term complications.

Keywords:
flexor tenosynovitishand surgerytendon reconstructiontrigger finger

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Area of Science:

  • Hand surgery
  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Infectious disease

Background:

  • Open A1 pulley release for trigger finger is typically a minor procedure.
  • Major complications like infection are rare (1%-4%) but can be severe.
  • This study examines devastating sequelae of major complications from this surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the severe consequences of major complications after open A1 pulley release for trigger finger.
  • To review management and outcomes of patients with severe postoperative infections.

Main Methods:

  • Case series of three adult patients who underwent open A1 pulley release.
  • All patients developed severe postoperative surgical site infections.
  • Review of initial management, reconstructive options, and long-term outcomes (up to 19 years).

Main Results:

  • All three patients developed severe surgical site infections, leading to flexor tenosynovitis and requiring multiple procedures.
  • Complications included finger stiffness, contracture, disabling bowstringing, and flexor tendon rupture.
  • Two patients had poorly controlled diabetes; one was otherwise healthy.
  • All patients experienced permanent functional deficits at final follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Major complications from trigger finger release are infrequent but can have disastrous consequences, especially in diabetic patients.
  • Untreated postoperative infections can lead to permanent loss of function.
  • Highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment of postoperative infections.