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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Ocean Engineering
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Underwater acoustic (UWA) communication systems face challenges in spectral efficiency and multipath interference.
  • Traditional UWA transceivers often struggle to optimize performance in complex underwater environments.
  • Probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) offers a potential method to improve data transmission efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and experimentally demonstrate a PCS-aided single-carrier transceiver for enhanced UWA communication spectral efficiency.
  • To develop an improved frequency-domain turbo equalizer utilizing Vector Approximate Message Passing (VAMP) for PCS-UWA systems.
  • To evaluate the performance of the proposed system against traditional UWA communication methods.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a PCS technique at the transmitter by mapping coded bits to a quadrature amplitude modulation constellation based on non-uniform amplitude and uniform sign bit distributions.
  • Development of a VAMP-based turbo equalizer at the receiver to mitigate multipath interference by exploiting PCS-derived a priori symbol probability information.
  • Experimental validation in a deep-sea environment and numerical simulations for shallower waters.

Main Results:

  • The PCS-aided UWA communication system demonstrated significant performance improvements compared to systems without PCS.
  • The proposed VAMP-based turbo equalizer outperformed classical adaptive turbo equalizers, even with data reuse.
  • Enhanced symbol detection performance was achieved by leveraging PCS information within the VAMP turbo equalizer iterations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed PCS-aided single-carrier transceiver is effective in boosting spectral efficiency for UWA communications.
  • The VAMP-based turbo equalizer provides a superior solution for mitigating multipath interference in PCS-UWA systems.
  • This work presents the first experimental validation of a deep-sea PCS-UWA communication system, confirming its practical viability and advantages.