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A Simple Method for the Size Controlled Synthesis of Stable Oligomeric Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions
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Atomically precise nanoclusters predominantly seed gold nanoparticle syntheses.

Liang Qiao1,2, Nia Pollard3, Ravithree D Senanayake4

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.

Nature Communications
|July 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a specific gold nanocluster, Au32X8[AQA+•X-]12, as the key precursor in seed-mediated synthesis. This discovery enhances understanding and control over the production of well-defined anisotropic gold nanoparticles.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Synthesis

Background:

  • Seed-mediated synthesis is a common method for creating anisotropic nanoparticles.
  • The precise nature and role of seed particles in these syntheses are not fully understood.
  • This lack of understanding limits mechanistic insights into nanoparticle growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the primary component of gold nanoparticle seed solutions.
  • To elucidate the role of this seed component in anisotropic nanoparticle formation.
  • To improve the control and reproducibility of nanoparticle synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of seed solution components using advanced analytical techniques.
  • Investigation of ligand exchange dynamics on gold nanoclusters.
  • Comparative synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles using characterized seeds versus standard methods.

Main Results:

  • The majority seed component was identified as an atomically precise gold nanocluster: Au32X8[AQA+•X-]12.
  • Ligand exchange on these clusters is rapid (minutes) and versatile, forming numerous derivatives.
  • Syntheses using enriched Au32 clusters yielded nanoparticles with narrower size distributions and fewer impurities.

Conclusions:

  • Atomically precise gold nanoclusters are critical precursors in seed-mediated anisotropic nanoparticle synthesis.
  • Understanding and controlling these cluster precursors can significantly improve nanoparticle quality.
  • This work provides a mechanistic basis for optimizing heterogeneous nucleation in nanoparticle growth.