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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Sanger Sequencing01:57

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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

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In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
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RNA-seq03:21

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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

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Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Pyrosequencing for Microbial Identification and Characterization
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Published on: August 22, 2013

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Sequential sequencing by synthesis and the next-generation sequencing revolution.

Mathias Uhlen1, Stephen R Quake2

  • 1Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Trends in Biotechnology
|July 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) revolutionized life sciences, expanding understanding of health, disease, biology, and ecology. This review explores key concepts behind sequencing by synthesis (SBS) technologies.

Keywords:
DNA sequencingnext-generation sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Life Sciences
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has profoundly impacted life sciences.
  • It significantly advanced understanding of human health, disease, biology, and ecology.
  • Current NGS systems predominantly utilize sequencing by synthesis (SBS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key conceptual developments in next-generation sequencing.
  • To discuss the evolution of sequencing by synthesis (SBS) platforms.
  • To highlight innovations in nucleotide detection and DNA support strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of foundational concepts in DNA sequencing.
  • Analysis of different sequencing by synthesis (SBS) strategies.
  • Examination of engineered DNA polymerases and nucleotide chemistries.

Main Results:

  • The development of diverse NGS platforms based on SBS.
  • Innovations include native nucleotides and reversible terminators.
  • Varied strategies for DNA attachment to solid supports have emerged.

Conclusions:

  • NGS technologies, particularly SBS, are central to modern biological research.
  • Continuous innovation drives advancements in sequencing capabilities.
  • Understanding these core concepts is crucial for appreciating NGS's impact.