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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2025

A Real-time Potency Assay for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting Solid and Hematological Cancer Cells

A Real-time Potency Assay for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting Solid and Hematological Cancer Cells

Published on: November 12, 2019

Engineering enhanced chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy for solid tumors.

A Neeser¹, R Ramasubramanian¹, C Wang²

¹Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Immuno-Oncology Technology

|July 24, 2023

Summary

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy shows promise for blood cancers but faces challenges in solid tumors. Bioengineering strategies like genetic circuits and biomaterials are being developed to improve CAR-T cell efficacy for solid tumor treatment.

Keywords:

CAR-T biomaterials engineered cytokines genetic circuits synthetic biology vaccine

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Last Updated: Jul 22, 2025

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Published on: November 12, 2019

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Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Published on: December 17, 2019

Area of Science:

Immunotherapy
Biotechnology
Oncology

Background:

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has FDA approval for leukemia and lymphoma, demonstrating efficacy in hematologic malignancies.
Translating CAR-T cell therapy success to solid tumors remains a significant challenge in clinical practice and preclinical research.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent bioengineering strategies aimed at enhancing CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors.
To highlight approaches that address the obstacles hindering CAR-T cell efficacy in solid tumor environments.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on bioengineering strategies for CAR-T cell therapy.
Focus on targeted single-gene perturbation, genetic circuits, cytokine engineering, and interactive biomaterials.
Analysis of how these strategies overcome solid tumor challenges.

Main Results:

Bioengineering approaches offer novel tools to improve CAR-T cell function in solid tumors.
Strategies discussed include genetic circuits, cytokine engineering, and biomaterials.
These advancements aim to enhance the safety and effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy.

Conclusions:

Bioengineering strategies are crucial for overcoming solid tumor-specific barriers to CAR-T cell therapy.
These approaches have the potential to achieve robust and durable therapeutic responses.
Further development in bioengineering will be key to realizing the full potential of CAR-T cells against solid tumors.