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The Relationship between Air Pollution and Infant Mortality Rate.
Sima Nazarpour1, Afshin Shokati Poursani2, Masoumeh Simbar3
1Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Iranian Journal of Public Health
|July 24, 2023
Summary
Air pollution, specifically PM10, significantly increases infant mortality risk in Tehran. Reducing PM10 levels is crucial for lowering infant deaths and improving public health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Investigated the link between air pollution and infant mortality rate (IMR) in Tehran, Iran, over a decade (2009-2018).
- Examined daily levels of PM10, PM2.5, O3, CO, SO2, and NO2 from 23 air quality centers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the relationship between exposure to ambient air pollutants and infant mortality in Tehran.
- To quantify the impact of specific pollutants, like PM10, and temperature on infant mortality.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study utilizing time series analysis.
- Collected daily air pollution data and infant mortality records from 2009 to 2018.
- Employed distributed lag linear and non-linear models to analyze exposure-response relationships.
Main Results:
- A 10 ug/m3 increase in PM10 exposure was associated with a significant increase in infant mortality risk (RR=1.003).
- Cold temperatures (lag 5-10) showed a strong, immediate effect, significantly increasing infant mortality risk (RR=1.1295 at 19°C).
Conclusions:
- PM10 exposure has adverse effects on infant mortality in Tehran.
- Reducing PM10 levels in Tehran could significantly decrease the infant mortality rate.
- Environmental policies targeting air quality improvement are vital for protecting infant health.
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