Phase relations of interneuronal activity relative to theta rhythm

The theta rhythm plays a crucial role in synchronizing neural activity during attention and memory processes. However, the mechanisms behind the formation of neural activity during theta rhythm generation remain unknown. To address this, we propose a mathematical model that explains the distribution of interneurons in the CA1 field during the theta rhythm phase. Our model consists of a network of seven types of interneurons in the CA1 field that receive inputs from the CA3 field, entorhinal cortex, and local pyramidal neurons in the CA1 field. By adjusting the parameters of the connections in the model. We demonstrate that it is possible to replicate the experimentally observed phase relations between interneurons and the theta rhythm. Our model predicts that populations of interneurons receive unimodal excitation and inhibition with coinciding peaks, and that excitation dominates to determine the firing dynamics of interneurons.